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This Intel-based document was written in 2008. The Obama administration put guidelines into place that ended reports like these. This is one of the last truthful reports given to Congress and to Homeland Security.
Source: Emerson, Steven (Executive Director Investigative Project on Terrorism). Report on the Roots of Violent Islamist Extremism and Efforts to Counter It: The Muslim Brotherhood. Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs: July 10, 2008.
Roots of Violent Islamist Extremism: The Muslim Brotherhood
The primary root of Sunni Islamist violence in the modern era is the Muslim Brotherhood. The Muslim Brotherhood was founded as an Islamic revivalist movement in Egypt in 1928 by school teacher Hassan al-Banna (1906-1949).
The vast majority of Sunni terrorist groups – including al-Qaeda, Egyptian Islamic Jihad, Hamas, and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad – are derived from the Muslim Brotherhood.
The Brotherhood’s goal has been to promote the implementation of Shari’ah (Islamic law). Its current position is a pervasive international Sunni Islamist movement, with covert and overt branches in over 70 countries.
According to al-Banna, “It is the nature of Islam to dominate, not to be dominated, to impose its law on all nations and to extend its power to the entire planet.” … “God is our goal, the Quran is our Constitution, the Prophet is our leader.”
The Brotherhood has reached global status, wielding power and influence in almost every state with a Muslim population. Additionally, the Brotherhood maintains political parties in many Middle-Eastern and African countries, including Jordan, Bahrain, Tunisia, Algeria, Jordan, Iraq, Syria, Sudan, Somalia, Yemen, and even Israel.
The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood attempted to overthrow the Syrian government in the 1980s, but the revolt was crushed. Aside from the Muslim Brotherhood in Israel proper, the terrorist organization Hamas was founded as the Palestinian chapter of the Muslim Brotherhood. In fact, Article II of the Hamas charter states:
"The Islamic Resistance Movement is one of the wings of Moslem Brotherhood in Palestine. The Moslem Brotherhood Movement is a universal organization which constitutes the largest Islamic movement in modern times. It is characterized by its deep understanding, accurate comprehension and its complete embrace of all Islamic concepts of all aspects of life, culture, creed, politics, economics, education, society, justice and judgment, the spreading of Islam ... and conversion to Islam."
Since its founding, the Muslim Brotherhood has openly sought to reassert Islam through the establishment of Sunni Islamic governments that will rule according to the strict and specific tenets of Shari’ah.
To the Brotherhood, this is the correct primary endeavor of human civilization, with the ultimate goal being the unification of these regimes under the banner of the Caliphate – or universal Islamic state. According to al-Banna, the Caliphate must govern all lands.
Al-Banna stated:
"... the Caliphate is to be expanded to cover the entire globe, erasing national boundaries under the flag of Islam."
This concept was elucidated by the Brotherhood luminary, Sayyid Qutb, who wrote in Milestones (1964), that "Muslims are not merely obliged to wage jihad in defense of Islamic lands, but must wage offensive jihad in order to liberate the world from the servitude of man-made law and governance."
The Muslim Brotherhood seeks to restore the historical Caliphate and then expand its authority over the entire world, dismantling all non-Islamic governments. The Brotherhood aims to accomplish this through a combination of warfare – both violent and political.
Source: Emerson, Steven (Executive Director Investigative Project on Terrorism). Report on the Roots of Violent Islamist Extremism and Efforts to Counter It: The Muslim Brotherhood. Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs: July 10, 2008.
Roots of Violent Islamist Extremism: The Muslim Brotherhood
The primary root of Sunni Islamist violence in the modern era is the Muslim Brotherhood. The Muslim Brotherhood was founded as an Islamic revivalist movement in Egypt in 1928 by school teacher Hassan al-Banna (1906-1949).
The vast majority of Sunni terrorist groups – including al-Qaeda, Egyptian Islamic Jihad, Hamas, and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad – are derived from the Muslim Brotherhood.
The Brotherhood’s goal has been to promote the implementation of Shari’ah (Islamic law). Its current position is a pervasive international Sunni Islamist movement, with covert and overt branches in over 70 countries.
According to al-Banna, “It is the nature of Islam to dominate, not to be dominated, to impose its law on all nations and to extend its power to the entire planet.” … “God is our goal, the Quran is our Constitution, the Prophet is our leader.”
The Brotherhood has reached global status, wielding power and influence in almost every state with a Muslim population. Additionally, the Brotherhood maintains political parties in many Middle-Eastern and African countries, including Jordan, Bahrain, Tunisia, Algeria, Jordan, Iraq, Syria, Sudan, Somalia, Yemen, and even Israel.
The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood attempted to overthrow the Syrian government in the 1980s, but the revolt was crushed. Aside from the Muslim Brotherhood in Israel proper, the terrorist organization Hamas was founded as the Palestinian chapter of the Muslim Brotherhood. In fact, Article II of the Hamas charter states:
"The Islamic Resistance Movement is one of the wings of Moslem Brotherhood in Palestine. The Moslem Brotherhood Movement is a universal organization which constitutes the largest Islamic movement in modern times. It is characterized by its deep understanding, accurate comprehension and its complete embrace of all Islamic concepts of all aspects of life, culture, creed, politics, economics, education, society, justice and judgment, the spreading of Islam ... and conversion to Islam."
Since its founding, the Muslim Brotherhood has openly sought to reassert Islam through the establishment of Sunni Islamic governments that will rule according to the strict and specific tenets of Shari’ah.
To the Brotherhood, this is the correct primary endeavor of human civilization, with the ultimate goal being the unification of these regimes under the banner of the Caliphate – or universal Islamic state. According to al-Banna, the Caliphate must govern all lands.
Al-Banna stated:
"... the Caliphate is to be expanded to cover the entire globe, erasing national boundaries under the flag of Islam."
This concept was elucidated by the Brotherhood luminary, Sayyid Qutb, who wrote in Milestones (1964), that "Muslims are not merely obliged to wage jihad in defense of Islamic lands, but must wage offensive jihad in order to liberate the world from the servitude of man-made law and governance."
The Muslim Brotherhood seeks to restore the historical Caliphate and then expand its authority over the entire world, dismantling all non-Islamic governments. The Brotherhood aims to accomplish this through a combination of warfare – both violent and political.
The Muslim Brotherhood has provided the ideological model for almost all modern Sunni Islamic terrorist groups.
When discussing Hamas, al-Qaeda, and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Richard Clarke – the chief counterterrorism adviser on the U.S. National Security Council under Presidents Clinton and Bush – told a Senate committee in 2003 that “The common link here is the extremist Muslim Brotherhood – all of these organizations are descendants of the membership and ideology of the Muslim Brothers.
The leadership of al-Qaeda, from Osama bin Laden to his deputy Ayman al-Zawahiri and 9/11 mastermind Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, all were influenced by Muslim Brotherhood ideology. In fact, al-Zawahiri was a member of the Muslim Brotherhood as a young man.
The Brotherhood’s ideology was formulated by its two main luminaries: its founder, Hassan al-Banna, who was assassinated by agents of the Egyptian government in 1949, and Sayyid Qutb, hanged in 1966.
Jihad is a central tenet in the Muslim Brotherhood ideology. In a booklet entitled, “Jihad”, and in other works, al-Banna defines jihad as violent warfare against non-Muslims to establish Islam as dominant across the entire world. He wrote: "Jihad is an obligation from Allah on every Muslim and cannot be ignored nor evaded." To support his assertions about jihad, al-Banna quotes extensively from the Quran, the Hadith, and Islamic scholars.
Al-Banna also stated:
"The first step is to educate and form the Muslim person. From there the Muslim person would spread Islam and help form a Muslim family. Muslim families would group together to form a Muslim society that would establish a Muslim government. The government would then transform the state into an Islamic one governed by Shari’ah. This Islamic state would then work to free “occupied” Muslim lands and unify them together under one banner, from which Islam could be spread all over the world."
Quoting original Brotherhood sources: These goals would be carried out in three stages. Starting with “the first stage through which all movements must pass, the stage of ‘propaganda, communication, and information.’” In this stage, the Brotherhood would recruit and indoctrinate core activists. The next stage consists of “formation, selection, and preparation.” In this stage, the Brothers would endear themselves to the population by creating charities, clinics, schools, and other services. More importantly, they would prepare for the third and final stage: the stage of “execution.”
The works of Sayyid Qutb (1909-1966) also had a major impact on the ideology of the Muslim Brotherhood. Qutb’s books sent shockwaves throughout the entire Islamic world. His works were were Fi zilal al-Qur’an (“In the Shade of the Quran”) and Ma’alim fi al-Tariq (“Milestones”). Milestones has come to be Qutb’s most popular work and has influenced Islamic extremists such as Ayman al-Zawahiri (current leader of al-Qaeda), Dr. Abdullah Azzam (called the "father of Global Jihad), and Osama bin Laden.
(*note: the books referred to by Qutb are currently promoted in mosques throughout America).
Qutb proposed that the overthrow of "apostate" rulers and the establishment of Islamic societies worldwide though offensive jihad is the only way to [implement Islam]. Qutb was heavily influenced by the writings of Islamist Sayyid Mawlana Abul Ala Maududi (1903-1979) and the medieval scholar Taqi ad-Din Ahmad Ibn Taymiyyah (1263-1328). Qutb wrote: “Any place where the Shari’ah is not enforced and where Islam is not dominant becomes the Abode of War (Dar-ul-Harb, or house of war).” Jahiliyyah included all states, whether ruled by Muslims or not.
Today
The Brotherhood continues to be driven by al-Banna’s belief that Islam is destined to eventually dominate the world.
In August 2004, the Brotherhood issued a public appeal of support for those fighting coalition forces in Iraq, and the following month, spiritual guide Yusuf al-Qaradawi issued a fatwa deeming it a religious duty for Muslims to fight America in Iraq. That argument fits with a theory offered by Lt. Col. Jonathan Dahoah-Halevi, senior researcher of the Middle East and radical Islam at the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. He argues that al-Qaeda and the Brotherhood share the same final goal: the establishment of a global Caliphate.
The Brotherhood in the West
In the United States, the Brotherhood has had an active presence since the 1960s. They have been represented by various organizations such as the Muslim Students’ Association (MSA) founded in 1963, the North American Islamic Trust (NAIT) 1971, the Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) 1981, the International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) 1981, the Islamic Association for Palestine (IAP) 1981, the United Association for Studies and Research (UASR) 1989, the American Muslim Council (AMC) 1990, the Muslim American Society (MAS) 1992, the Muslim Arab Youth Association (MAYA), the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) 1994, and others.
In fact, nearly all prominent Islamic organizations in the United States are rooted in the Muslim Brotherhood.
An internal Brotherhood memorandum, released during the terror-support trial of the Holy Land Foundation for Relief and Development (HLF) trial in July 2007 shows that the Brotherhood’s jihad can take more subtle and long range approaches. The memo states: "The Muslim Brotherhood must understand that their work in America is a kind of grand Jihad in eliminating and destroying the Western civilization from within and ‘sabotaging’ its miserable house by their hands and the hands of the believers so that it is eliminated and God’s religion is made victorious over all other religions."
What remains, then, is to conquer Rome:
... “The city of Hiraq [once emperor of Constantinople] will be conquered first,” so what remains is to conquer Rome. This means that Islam will come back to Europe for the third time, after it was expelled from it twice... Conquest through Da'wa [spreading Islam], that is what we hope for. We will conquer Europe, we will conquer America! Not through sword but through Da’wa.”
Prominent Brotherhood organizations in Europe include the Forum of European Muslim Youth and Student Organizations, the Muslim Association of Britain, the European Council for Fatwa and Research, the Islamische Gemeinschaft Deutschland (IGD), and the Union des Organisations Islamiques de France (UOIF).
Muslim Brotherhood-affiliated organizations in the West have successfully positioned themselves as gatekeepers to the Muslim-American community. The underlying goal of these groups is to redefine moderate Islam and to oversee a separation between Western Muslim communities and their secular host societies in order to promote Islamism and reinforce loyalty to the global ummah. Inherent in these goals is a strategy to weaken Western resistance to Islamism. Presenting themselves as the moderate voices of Islam, they have created a narrative to their community that the US government’s campaign against terrorism is, rather, a generalized “war against Islam” that must be shunned, discouraged, and monitored. This characterization serves to demonize the efforts of the U.S. government and the West, which ultimately serves to radicalize and alienate Western Muslims.
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Source:
Emerson, Steven (Executive Director Investigative Project on Terrorism). Report on the Roots of Violent Islamist Extremism and Efforts to Counter It: The Muslim Brotherhood. Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs: July 10, 2008.
Purchase Cheri's book on Amazon or Barnes & Noble
Read the INTRODUCTION to Cheri's book
Read the Jacket Back
Read the INTRODUCTION to Cheri's book
Read the Jacket Back